Some of the many features include:. Please allow 48 hours for software download to be available after order is placed. See Full Description. These signatures can be highlighted right onto the price chart. Filtered Wave Research allows the user to instantly isolate highs and lows of a user-defined percentage move, then do a quantitative or weighted value analysis of geocosmic factors that were in effect at those times.
This will then reveal to the user which factors have an unusually high or low historical rate of occurrence to reversals in any given financial, commodity, or stock market. An exceptional tool for a short-term position trader. An exceptional tool for day traders!
The program will then do a quantitative or weighted value analysis of geocosmic factors that were in effect on those days. This will reveal to the user which geocosmic combinations have an unusually high or low historical rate of occurrence to these types of highs or low in the future in any given financial, commodity, or stock market.
The beaches of Barra da Tijuca are also popular with the city's residents. The factory was officially opened in March 8, , in a very beautiful architectural complex with styles like Italianate , Neo-Gothic and a tower in Mansard Roof style. After the opening in , crowded trains with multitudes of workers from Great Britain arrived in Bangu to work in the textile factory. Arriving in Bangu, the Scot soon settled among the British community in the village. Though happy with his job, and his new friends, he pined for his old hobby, finding Bangu's Sunday pastimes of cycling or music no match for football.
Donohoe was horrified to discover there were no teams in the neighborhood, no equipment to be bought in the shops, and no knowledge of the game whatsoever among the locals. So he wrote to his wife, Elizabeth, asking her to join him, and to bring a football, as well as their children. And shortly after her arrival, in September , the first football match in Brazil took place in the field beside the textile factory.
It was a five-a-side match between British workers, and took place six months before Charles Miller's game. In December , after a trip to his hometown, Thomas Donohoe brought to Bangu two more football balls. Andrew Procter, Mr. Clarence Hibbs, Mr. Frederich Jacques, Mr. John Starck, Mr. Segundo Maffeu, Mr. Thomas Hellowell, Mr. William French, Mr.
William Hellowell and Mr. William Procter. In the record the names of Mr. Thomas Donohoe, Mr. The Bangu Textile Factory closed in In all the historic sites of the factory became a shopping mall called Bangu Shopping. Different ethnic groups contributed to the formation of the population of Rio de Janeiro.
Before European colonization, there were at least seven different indigenous peoples speaking 20 languages in the region. A part of them joined the Portuguese and the other the French. Those who joined the French were then exterminated by the Portuguese, while the other part was assimilated. Rio de Janeiro is home to the largest Portuguese population outside of Lisbon in Portugal.
The immigrants were mostly poor peasants who subsequently found prosperity in Rio as city workers and small traders. People of Portuguese ancestry predominate in most of the state. The Brazilian census of showed that Including all of the Rio de Janeiro, the proportion raised to Portuguese born people accounted for In other words, native born Portuguese and their children accounted for The black community was formed with residents whose ancestors had been brought as slaves, mostly from Angola or Mozambique , as well as more people of Angolan, Mozambican and West African descent from other parts of Brazil.
The samba from Bahia with Angolan influence and the famous local version of the carnival from Europe first appeared under the influence of the black community in the city. Race classifications as they are is known in the Anglosphere are not followed in Brazilian culture at least for most of the population , which captures the concept of cor or "color", the continuous range of phenotypes, [80] and as such perceptions that now most Brazilians are "black rather than white" according to the census data are erroneous in a cultural relativistic viewpoint.
European and Amerindian ancestries also have overwhelming and wide majorities respectively in Rio de Janeiro's population despite any classifications in IBGE's standardized racial groups, thus there were a bi-directional impact of miscegenation in minor degree, it also happened in other multicultural white-majority regions, at least in some regions of the United States—a hypodescent society where there was the phenomena of passing —as well Argentina , and it is common elsewhere in Latin America in both white and black populations.
As a result of the influx of immigrants to Brazil from the late 19th to the early 20th century, one may find in Rio de Janeiro and its metropolitan area communities of Levantine Arabs mostly Christian or Irreligious , Spaniards , Italians , Germans , Japanese , [81] Jews , and people from different parts of Brazil. In general, the test results showed that European ancestry is far more important than the students thought it would be.
Rio de Janeiro city is also the fifth Brazilian capital in the percent of irreligious population There are significant disparities between the rich and the poor in Rio de Janeiro, and different socioeconomic groups are largely segregated into different neighborhoods.
At the same time, in , there were several Rio neighborhoods with Human Development Index scores higher than the most developed countries in the world. The HDI of Brazil overall was 0. The city scores 0. The services sector comprises the largest portion of GDP Benefiting from the federal capital position it had for a long period — , the city became a dynamic administrative, financial, commercial and cultural center.
Taking into consideration the network of influence exerted by the urban metropolis which covers For many years brings together the second largest industrial hub of Brazil, with oil refineries , shipbuilding industries, steel, metallurgy , petrochemical, gas, chemical, textile, printing, publishing, pharmaceutical , beverages, cement and furniture. However, the last decades indicated a sharp transformation in its economic profile, which is acquiring more and more shades of a major national hub of services and businesses.
Rio de Janeiro became an attractive place for companies to locate when it was the capital of Brazil, as important sectors of society and of the government were present in the city.
The city is also the headquarters of large telecom companies, such as Intelig , Oi and Embratel. The city's industries produce processed foods, chemicals, petroleum products, pharmaceuticals, metal products, ships, textiles, clothing, and furniture.
The service sector dominates the economy, however, and includes banking and the second most active stock market in Brazil, the Bolsa da Valores do Brasil. Tourism and entertainment are other key aspects of the city's economic life and the city is the nation's top tourist attraction for both Brazilians and foreigners.
Because it was once the national capital, Rio de Janeiro was chosen as the site for the headquarters of many private, national, multinational, and state corporations, even when their factories were located in other cities or states. A newer electronics and computer sector has been added to the older industries of metallurgy, engineering, and printing and publishing.
Other manufacturing sectors focus on the production of shipyard-related materials, apparel and footwear, textiles, nonmetallic mineral products, food and beverages, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Construction, also an important activity, provides a significant source of employment for large numbers of unskilled workers and is buoyed by the number of seasonal residents who build second homes in the Greater Rio de Janeiro area.
To attract industry, the state government has designated certain areas on the outskirts of the city as industrial districts where infrastructure is provided and land sales are made under special conditions.
Oil and natural gas from fields off the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro state are a major asset used for developing manufacturing activities in Rio's metropolitan area, enabling it to compete with other major cities for new investment in industry.
Owing to the proximity of Rio's port facilities, many of Brazil's export-import companies are headquartered in the city. In Greater Rio, which has one of the highest per capita incomes in Brazil, retail trade is substantial. Many of the most important retail stores are located in the Centre, but others are scattered throughout the commercial areas of the other districts, where shopping centres, supermarkets, and other retail businesses handle a large volume of consumer trade.
Rio de Janeiro is as of the second largest exporting municipality in Brazil. The Portuguese language is the official and national language , and thus the primary language taught in schools.
English and Spanish are also part of the official high school curriculum. The city has several universities and research institutes. The Ministry of Education has certified approximately 99 upper-learning institutions in Rio.
There are more than upper-learning institutions in whole Rio de Janeiro state. Primary schools are largely under municipal administration, while the state plays a more significant role in the extensive network of secondary schools. In addition, Rio has an ample offering of private schools that provide education at all levels. Rio is home to many colleges and universities.
The literacy rate for cariocas aged 10 and older is nearly 95 percent, well above the national average. In Rio, there were 1, primary schools with 25, teachers and , students in There are secondary schools with 9, teachers and , students. There are 53 University-preparatory schools with 14, teachers and , students. The city has six major universities and 47 private schools of higher learning. Rio de Janeiro is a main cultural hub in Brazil. Its architecture embraces churches and buildings dating from the 16th to the 19th centuries, blending with the world-renowned designs of the 20th century.
Rio was home to the Portuguese Imperial family and capital of the country for many years, and was influenced by Portuguese , English , and French architecture. Rio de Janeiro has inherited a strong cultural role from the past. In the late 19th century, there were sessions held of the first Brazilian film and since then, several production cycles have spread out, eventually placing Rio at the forefront of experimental and national cinema.
Internationally famous, Brazilian-made movies illustrating a darker side of Rio de Janeiro include Elite Squad and City of God film. Rio de Janeiro is Brazil's primary tourist attraction and resort. It receives the most visitors per year of any city in South America with 2.
While the city has in past had a thriving tourism sector, the industry entered a decline in the last quarter of the 20th century. Rio de Janeiro's government has since undertaken to modernise the city's economy, reduce its chronic social inequalities, and improve its commercial standing as part of an initiative for the regeneration of the tourism industry.
The street and the nearby beach, famous tourist spots, are remarkable for their popularity in the LGBT community. Rio de Janeiro is the most awarded destination by World Travel Awards in the South American category of "best destination". After Brazilian independence from Portugal in , Rio de Janeiro quickly developed a European-style bourgeois cultural life, including numerous newspapers, in which most 19th-century novels were initially published in serial.
Joaquim Manuel de Macedo 's A Moreninha was perhaps the first successful novel in Brazil and inaugurates a recurrent 19th-century theme: a romantic relationship between idealistic young people in spite of cruelties of social fortune.
Rio in recent year has had a scheme where adults aged 18 to 25 where made to have literacy tests and education. Romantic and realist modes both flourished through the late 19th century and often overlapped within works.
The Biblioteca Nacional National Library of Brazil ranks as one of the largest libraries in the world. It is also the largest library in all of Latin America. As with many of Rio de Janeiro's cultural monuments, the library was originally off-limits to the general public. The collection contains 48, items. The official song of Rio de Janeiro is " Cidade Maravilhosa ", which means "marvelous city". The song is considered the "civic anthem" of Rio, and is always the favourite song during Rio's Carnival in February.
It is also the main key song of the bossa nova , a musical genre that was born in Rio. A genre unique to Rio and Brazil as a whole is Funk Carioca. While samba music continues to act as the national unifying agent in Rio, Funk Carioca found a strong community following in Brazil.
With its genesis in the s as the modern black pop music from the United States, it evolved in the s to describe a variety of electronic music associated with the current US black music scene, including hip hop , modern soul , and house music. Brazil's return to democracy in after over 20 years of military authoritarian rule, and the subsequent end of rampant censorship, allowed for a new freedom of expression which promoted creativity and experimentation in expressive culture.
For example, the hip hop that has stemmed from New York is localized into forms of musical production such as Funk Carioca and Brazilian hip hop. Bands from Rio de Janeiro also had influence in the mid-to-late development of the Punk in Brazil , and that of Brazilian thrash metal.
Democratic renewal also allowed for the recognition and acceptance of this diversification of Brazilian culture. Rio Janeiro 's Theatro Municipal is one of the most resplendent buildings in the downtown area of Rio de Janeiro. Home of one of the largest stages in Latin America and one of Brazil's best known venues for opera, ballet, and classical music. The statues on the top, of two women representing Poetry and Music, are by Rodolfo Bernadelli, and the interior is rich with furnishings and fine paintings.
Founded in , the Teatro Municipal was designed after the famed opera house in Paris with close to 1, seats. Its interior includes turn of the century stained glass from France, ceilings of rose-colored marble and a 1, pound crystal bead chandelier surrounded by a painting of the "Dance of the Hours". The exterior walls of the building are dotted with inscriptions bearing the names of famous Brazilians as well as many other international celebrities.
The project will host the Brazilian Symphony Orchestra becoming a main center for music as will be the largest modern concert hall in South America, with 1, seats. The complex spans approximately 90 thousand square metres and also features a chamber music hall, three theaters, and 12 rehearsal rooms.
From the terrace there is a panoramic view of the region, from Barra's borught. The building was designed by the French architect Christian de Portzamparc and construction was funded by the city of Rio de Janeiro. Every 31 December, 2. The crowd, mostly dressed in white, celebrates all night at the hundreds of different shows and events along the beach. It is the second largest celebration only next to the Carnival.
People celebrate the New Year by sharing chilled champagne. It is considered good luck to shake the champagne bottle and spray around at midnight.
Chilled champagne adds to the spirit of the festivities. Carnaval, is an annual celebration in the Roman Catholic tradition that allows merry-making and red meat consumption before the more sober 40 days of Lent penance which culminates with Holy or Passion Week and Easter.
The tradition of Carnaval parades was probably influenced by the French or German courts and the custom was brought by the Portuguese or Brazilian Imperial families who had Bourbon and Austrian ancestors. Up until the time of the marchinhas, the revelry was more of a high class and Caucasian-led event. The influence of the African-Brazilian drums and music was more noticeable from the first half of the 20th century.
Rio de Janeiro has many Carnaval choices, including the famous samba school Escolas de Samba parades in the sambadrome exhibition center and the popular blocos de carnaval , street revelry, which parade in almost every corner of the city. The most famous ones are:. In , the first Carnaval was celebrated with a masked ball. As years passed, adorned floats and costumed revelers became a tradition among the celebrants. Carnaval is known as a historic root of Brazilian music.
Rock in Rio is a music festival conceived by entrepreneur Roberto Medina for the first time in , and since its creation, recognized as the largest music festival in the Latin world and the largest in the world, with 1. It was originally organized in Rio de Janeiro, from where the name comes from, has become a world level event and, in , had its first edition abroad in Lisbon , Portugal , before Madrid , Spain and Las Vegas , United States. The festival is considered the eighth best in the world by the specialized site Fling Festival.
As in the rest of Brazil, football is the most popular sport. Madureira , Bangu and Bonsucesso are three small clubs. Brazil ended up losing in front of a home crowd of more than , They later made bids for the and Games, but failed to become a candidate city both times. Those games were awarded to Athens and London respectively. Rio de Janeiro will also be the first city in the southern hemisphere outside of Australia to host the game — Melbourne in and Sydney in The Military World Games were the largest military sports event ever held in Brazil, with approximately 4, athletes from countries competing in 20 sports.
The Rio Champions Cup Tennis tournament is held in the spring. The stadium is owned by the city of Rio de Janeiro, but it was rented to Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas for 20 years. Other popular sports are beach football , beach volleyball , Beach American Football, footvolley , surfing , kite surfing , hang gliding , motor racing , Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu , sailing , and competitive rowing. Rio de Janeiro is also paradise for rock climbers , with hundreds of routes all over the city, ranging from easy boulders to highly technical big wall climbs, all inside the city.
Horse racing events are held Thursday nights and weekend afternoons at the Jockey Club. An impressive place with excellent grass and dirt tracks, it runs the best horses in the nation. Hang gliding in Rio de Janeiro started in mids and quickly proved to be well-suited for this town, because of its geography: steep mountains encounter the Atlantic Ocean, which provide excellent take-off locations and great landing zones on the beach.
One of the most popular sea sports in the city is yachting. The main yacht clubs are in Botafogo area that extends halfway between Copacabana and the center of town. Though the most exclusive and interesting is probably the Rio Yacht club, where high society makes it a point to congregate. Most yacht clubs are open to members only and gate crashing is not easy. Copacabana is also a great place to do surfing as well as "Arpoador of Ipanema" beach and "Praia dos Bandeirantes".
The sea at these beaches is rough and dangerous, the best surfers from Brazil and other sites of the world come to these beaches to prove themselves. The Port of Rio de Janeiro is Brazil's third busiest port in terms of cargo volume, and it is the center for cruise vessels. The port is managed by Companhia Docas de Rio de Janeiro. The Port of Rio de Janeiro contains almost seven thousand meters of continuous wharf and an meter pier.
The Companhia Docas de Rio de Janeiro administers directly the Wharf of the Gamboa general cargo terminal ; the wheat terminal with two warehouses capable of moving tons of grains; General Load Terminal 2 with warehouses covering over 20 thousand square metres; and the Wharves of Are Cristovao with terminals for wheat and liquid bulk.
At the Wharf of Gamboa, leaseholders operate terminals for sugar, paper, iron and steel products. In , the Port of Rio de Janeiro handled over seven million tons of cargo on almost vessels.
The port handled thousand tons of wheat, more than 1. In , over 91 thousand passengers moved through the Port of Rio Janeiro on 83 cruise vessels. In Rio de Janeiro, buses are the main form of public transportation. There are nearly municipal bus lines serving over four million passengers every day, in addition to intercity lines. Although cheap and frequent, Rio's transportation policy has been moving towards trains and subway in order to reduce surface congestion and increase carrier capacity.
According to the people, the raise in the bus and subway fares are invalid, seeing that the amount charged is too high for the low quality of the services. The two lines serve the city seven days a week. The second line runs from Botafogo, sharing ten stations with the first line, terminating at Pavuna in northern Rio. The Metro runs services from am to midnight, Monday to Saturday, and from am to pm Sundays and public holidays.
People can buy tickets for the Metro at train stations and can either buy single tickets or rechargeable cards. People can also buy tickets for the Metro at buses that make connect places far from the Metro. SuperVia connects the city of Rio with other locations in Greater Rio de Janeiro with surface trains. These buses run several routes, the main being from Centro through Botafogo, Copacabana and Ipanema to Leblon and vice versa , and from the International Airport to Barra, through the beach road.
The buses also run more frequently during the rush hours in the morning and evening. Going in the direction of Centro city center , the bus can be flagged down on the beach road buses with plaques showing "Castelo". There is a traditional boat as well as several "fast cat" hydrofoil boats. Rio de Janeiro has the oldest operating electric tramway in Brazil and South America, [] now mainly used by tourists and less by daily commuters. Santa Teresa Tram or bondinho, has been preserved both as a piece of history and as a quick, fun, cheap way of getting to one of the most quirky parts of the city.
Trams leave every half an hour between am and pm. The Santa Teresa Tram known locally as the "bonde" in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro commenced electric operation in , replacing horse-drawn trams and expanding the horse-drawn route.
At this time the gauge was altered to 1, mm The tram cars which are currently in operation are Brazilian-built, are of the cross-bench open sided design, and are fitted with trolley poles. After a derail occurred in 28 August , [] which left seven dead, tram service was suspended to improve the system, and would be reopened in , just before the FIFA World Cup but after postponements it was finally reopened in July In order to improve traffic in the central zone, the prefecture started the project "Porto Maravilha" Marvelous Port , which foresees a modern tramway system.
Driving in Rio de Janeiro, as in most large cities of Brazil, might not be the best choice due to the large car fleet. In Brazil, most interstate transportation is done by road.
A large terminal for long-distance buses is in the Santo Cristo neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro. There are also two port facilities for cargo and passenger ships Rio de Janeiro and Sepetiba port. Rio has roads to all neighbour States. The quality of the highways improved much, but was accompanied by a significant increase of the toll fees. From Belo Horizonte : BR The city has km 99 mi of cycle paths that, wherever they exist, are very much preferable to riding in the city's traffic.
Six km 4 miles of cycle paths traverse the Tijuca National Park. The Bike Rio began operations in October The bike sharing system has bicycles available at 60 rental stations located in 14 neighborhoods throughout the city. Rio de Janeiro is twinned with:. Rio de Janeiro is part of the Union of Ibero-American Capital Cities [] from 12 October establishing brotherly relations with the following cities:.
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. Jump to: navigation , search. This article is about the city. For the state, see Rio de Janeiro state.
For other uses, see Rio de Janeiro disambiguation. Rio de Janeiro. Historical affiliations. Main article: South Zone Rio de Janeiro. Main articles: Demographics of Rio and Demographics of Brazil. Main article: Religion in Brazil.
Main articles: Social issues in Brazil and Social apartheid in Brazil. Main articles: Economy of Rio and Economy of Brazil. Main article: List of Rio de Janeiro schools, colleges, universities and research centers. Main article: Tourism in Brazil. Main article: Literature of Brazil. National Library of Brazil.
Sorry, your browser either has JavaScript disabled or does not have any supported player. You can download the clip or download a player to play the clip in your browser. Choro is a genre of instrumental music that was born in Rio, and it led to a strong tradition that continues today. Main articles: Rio Carnival and Brazilian Carnaval. Main article: Rock in Rio.
0コメント